Ram Singh Dhoni (February 24, 1893 – November 12, 1930) was a dedicated freedom fighter and social reformer of India. He was the first to raise the slogan “Jai Hind” in 1921. Dhoni was a true patriot, educationist, fearless leader, and a symbol of simplicity and sacrifice. His contributions to India’s independence movement and his efforts toward social upliftment make him a significant yet lesser-known figure in history.
Ram Singh Dhoni
Early Life and Education
Born in Talla Binola village of Talla Salam Patti, Almora district, Ram Singh Dhoni was a brilliant student from a young age. His parents, Himmat Singh Dhoni and Kunti Devi, supported his education. He completed his early schooling in Jaiti (Salam) in 1908 and later joined Almora Town School, where he excelled academically. Due to his outstanding performance, he was awarded a scholarship of five rupees per month after securing the first position in his middle school exams.
During 1912-13, Dhoni was inspired by the visits of eminent personalities like Kaka Kalelkar, Anand Swami, Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya, and Vinay Kumar Sarkar to Almora. Their teachings ignited a deep sense of patriotism in him. He joined ‘Shuddh Sahitya Samiti’ founded by Swami Satyadev in 1912, further shaping his nationalist ideals.
Higher Studies and Political Awakening
After completing high school, Dhoni pursued higher education at Ewing Christian College, Allahabad (Prayagraj). He obtained his F.A. degree in 1917 and B.A. in 1919, becoming the first graduate from his region. His stay in Allahabad played a crucial role in his political awakening. He actively participated in discussions at ‘Philadelphian Hostel’ and ‘Hindi Sahitya Sabha.’
Ram Singh Dhoni was deeply involved in the Home Rule League and decided never to accept a government job, despite an offer for the position of Naib Tehsildar from the British administration. His commitment to the nationalist cause led him to reject this opportunity despite financial hardships.
Contributions to the Freedom Movement
In 1920, Dhoni moved to Rajasthan, where he worked as a teacher in Suratgarh School, Bikaner, and later at Ramchandra Newatia High School, Fatehpur. During this time, he established the Congress Committee in Fatehpur and initiated various social reform programs.
One of his significant contributions was the formation of ‘Yuvak Sabha,’ which focused on education, hygiene, and anti-addiction campaigns in the untouchable communities. He also encouraged indigenous sports like Kabaddi over foreign games such as football. Dhoni’s efforts to spread nationalist ideals and social awareness through public speeches and student gatherings gained immense popularity.
Role in Journalism and Literature
Ram Singh Dhoni was also an accomplished writer and poet. He founded a literary society in Fatehpur to promote education and unity. His satirical poem ‘Safai Ki Safai’ was so well-received that it had to be recited multiple times at a gathering.
He played a crucial role in the publication of ‘Bandhu,’ a nationalist periodical that was later banned by the British government. His students, inspired by his revolutionary thoughts, launched another journal, ‘Shri Swadesh,’ in which Dhoni’s famous poem ‘Teri Baari Hai Holi’ was published in 1922. The poem metaphorically described the British as monkeys and called for their expulsion from India:
“Upvan se bhag bandar bholi, teri baari hai holi...”
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Final Years and Legacy
Dhoni resigned from his teaching position in Fatehpur and moved to Bajang, Nepal, where he educated the local princes. The King of Bajang honored him with a ceremonial sword in recognition of his work. Later, he returned to Almora and served as the editor of ‘Shakti’ newspaper between 1925-26. His writings addressed critical issues of nationalism and social reform.
Ram Singh Dhoni's unwavering commitment to the freedom struggle, his emphasis on education, and his efforts to uplift society make him a remarkable figure in Indian history. His legacy continues to inspire those who believe in selfless service and patriotism.
Despite his immense contributions, Ram Singh Dhoni remains an unsung hero in India’s independence movement. His fearless spirit, dedication to education, and literary works deserve greater recognition. By remembering his efforts, we honor not only his sacrifices but also the countless others who fought for India’s freedom.
GK FAQ on Ram Singh Dhoni
Q1: Who was Ram Singh Dhoni?
A: Ram Singh Dhoni was a freedom fighter from Uttarakhand who actively participated in the Quit India Movement of 1942.
Q2: What role did Ram Singh Dhoni play in the freedom struggle?
A: He was involved in protests against British rule and played a key role in spreading nationalist sentiments in Uttarakhand.
Q3: In which movement did Ram Singh Dhoni participate?
A: He participated in the Quit India Movement of 1942, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi.
Q4: Where was Ram Singh Dhoni from?
A: He was from Uttarakhand, India.
Q5: How did Ram Singh Dhoni contribute to India's independence?
A: He mobilized people against British rule, took part in protests, and played an active role in the struggle for independence.
Q6: Did Ram Singh Dhoni receive any recognition for his contributions?
A: While he was a significant figure in local freedom movements, his contributions are often less highlighted in mainstream history books.
Q7: What was the impact of Ram Singh Dhoni’s efforts?
A: His participation in the Quit India Movement helped strengthen the anti-British struggle in Uttarakhand and inspired many to join the fight for independence.
Q8: When did the Quit India Movement take place?
A: The Quit India Movement was launched on August 8, 1942.
Q9: What was the main aim of the Quit India Movement?
A: The main aim was to demand an immediate end to British rule in India.
Q10: How is Ram Singh Dhoni remembered today?
A: He is remembered as a local hero in Uttarakhand who contributed to India's struggle for independence. His legacy continues to inspire future generations.
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